lead database / sources / NYC NPSD

NYC department of health non-pharmaceutical surveillance database

NYC inspectors have been buying spices, cosmetics, supplements, cookware, religious products, candies, toys, and anything else they find suspicious off bodega and import-store shelves since 2008, then lab-testing them. 8,494 measurements across 12 categories from 121 countries.

8,494measurements
4,518unique products
121countries of origin
12categories
2011–2024year span

what this source covers

new york city's department of health has been doing something nobody else does at this scale. since 2008, inspectors have been walking into bodegas, import groceries, religious goods stores, and herbal shops in immigrant neighborhoods, buying anything that looks suspicious off the shelf, and sending it to the city's lab.

the result is the non-pharmaceutical surveillance database, and it is the single richest source in this whole project. 8,494 measurements across 12 categories: spices, cosmetics, supplements, cookware, religious products, candies, toys, traditional remedies, and more. 4,518 unique products tested. 121 countries of origin.

they test for lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and chromium. the highest single readings in the entire database come from this dataset, kohl at 980,000,000 ppb (98% lead by mass), ayurvedic pellets at 130,000,000 ppb, sindoor near 100% pure lead chromate.

NYC NPSD is the closest thing the US has to proactive consumer-product testing for heavy metals. every other US source is either a one-time research report or a reactive recall list. NYC just keeps shopping and testing, year after year.

categories this source contributed to

NYC NPSD contributed measurements to 12 of the 13 categories in the lead database. each card links to the full sortable table for that category, where you can filter by source = "NYC NPSD" to see only these rows.

spices 3,477 measurements (43.7%) →
turmeric, cumin, paprika, chili, and other ground spices. lead chromate adulteration is the canonical story here.
supplements 1,775 measurements (22.3%) →
vitamins, herbal supplements, ayurvedic remedies. lead contamination from soil and processing.
cosmetics 725 measurements (9.1%) →
kohl, surma, sindoor, lipstick, eye shadow. some traditional cosmetics test as nearly pure lead compounds.
cookware 646 measurements (8.1%) →
aluminum pots, ceramic-coated pans, painted dishes, glassware. mostly imported, mostly via store-shelf surveys.
toys 591 measurements (7.4%) →
painted toys, jewelry kits, plastic figurines. CPSC recalls plus EU safety-gate alerts.
candy 277 measurements (3.5%) →
mostly imported candies tested by NYC. tamarind candies and chili-based sweets dominate.
food (other) 221 measurements (2.8%) →
rice, cereals, candies, sauces. anything edible that is not baby food or spice.
religious & ceremonial 133 measurements (1.7%) →
sindoor, kumkum, holy powders, religious medals. used in worship, often imported, often very high in lead.
jewelry 52 measurements (0.7%) →
fashion jewelry, costume metal, kids charm bracelets. some items are nearly pure lead.
paint 39 measurements (0.5%) →
house paint, art paint, industrial coatings. pure earth global surveys lead the count.
baby food 17 measurements (0.2%) →
jarred and pouched baby food, infant cereals, formula. dominated by california AB 899 disclosures.
electronics 1 measurements (0.0%) →
cables, chargers, holiday lights. mostly EU safety-gate alerts on solder and PVC.

methodology & license

metals tested: lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, chromium, total solids.

units: normalized to ppb (parts per billion by mass), identical to µg/kg. 1,000 ppb = 1 ppm = 1 mg/kg = 0.0001%. recall records (where the original notice did not publish a concentration) are flagged in the table as "recall record" rather than a number.

license: NYC open data (CC0). when you reuse rows from this source, attribute the original source. the unified database itself is published under CC-BY-SA 4.0.

official source: https://data.cityofnewyork.us/Health/Metal-Content-of-Consumer-Products-Tested-by-the-N/da9u-wz3r

back to the hub

the lead database hub stitches together NYC NPSD with eight other open-license sources for a unified, searchable view of consumer-product heavy-metal data. nine sources, thirteen categories, 67,497 measurements, all normalized to the same units.

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